Yang and his colleagues found the monkeys understood the basic elements of the game because they tended to choose the direction with the largest local reward and knew how to react to ghosts in different modes. The monkeys received fruit juice as a reward instead of earning points. The monkeys were then trained to use a joystick to manoeuvre Pac-Man around a maze to collect snack pellets and avoid ghosts. The scientists used artificial intelligence to come up with a statistical model to find out whether the monkey's behaviour could be broken down into a set of strategies. The results were published in the peer-reviewed scientific journal eLife last month. "To our knowledge, this is the first quantitative study that shows animals develop and use strategies for problem solving," Yang Tianming, corresponding author of the study, said on Twitter. The result was the first study of its kind to show that monkeys were capable of formulating strategies to simplify a sophisticated task, they said. "Quite a lot it seems, according to researchers at the Chinese Academy of Sciences."Ī team of neuroscientists from the academy said they used the classic video game to look at the way the primates made decisions. To replace the bulkier joysticks on earlier gaming consoles' controllers."What can scientists learn by teaching two monkeys to play Pac-Man?" asks the South China Morning Post. Two round buttons labeled `A` and `B`, a `START` button, and a `SELECT` button.Īdditionally, the controllers utilize the cross-shaped joypad, designed by Nintendo employee Gunpei Yokoi, for Nintendo Game & Watch systems, The game controller used for both the NES and the Famicom features an oblong brick-like design with a simple four button layout: As one of the best-selling gaming consoles of its time, the NES helped revitalize the US video game industry following The Legend of Zelda and the action game Metroid. The NES featured a number of groundbreaking games, such as the platform game Super Mario Bros, the action-adventure game Was released internationally in the following years.
Online emulated version of Pac-Man was originally developed for the Nintendo Entertainment System (NES), an 8-bit third-generation home video gameĬartridge-based console produced by Nintendo, first released in Japan as the Family Computer (commonly known as the Famicom) in 1983.
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